Long Đởm (Radix et Rhizoma Gentianae) là rễ và thân rễ đã phơi hay sấy khô của cây Long đởm (Gentiana scabra Bunge), cây Điều diệp long đởm (Gentiana manshurica Kitag.), cây Tam hoa long đởm (Gentiana triflora Pall.) hoặc cây Kiên long đởm (Gentiana rigescens Franch.), họ Long đởm (Gentianaceae). Loài cây này thường mọc ở các khu vực nhiệt đới và cận nhiệt đới, phân bố tại Trung Quốc, Việt Nam, Thái Lan, và một số nước Đông Nam Á. Theo y học cổ truyền, long đởm được sử dụng để chữa ho, long đờm, hen suyễn, và một số bệnh liên quan đến đường hô hấp. Ngoài ra, dược liệu này còn có tác dụng trị giun sán và giảm đau. Các nghiên cứu dược lý hiện đại đã chứng minh long đởm có những tác dụng như kháng khuẩn, chống viêm, giảm ho, giãn phế quản, và có hiệu quả an thần nhẹ. Thành phần hóa học chính của long đởm bao gồm các alkaloid như stemonine, tuberostemonine, isostemonine, cùng với các hợp chất phenolic.
Dược liệu Long Đởm (Rễ Và Thân Rễ) từ bộ phận nan từ loài Gentiana scabra.
Mô tả thực vật: Cây long đờm là một loại cỏ sống lâu năm, cao 35-60cm. Thân rễ ngắn, rễ nhiều, đường kính 2-3mm, vỏ ngoài màu vàng nhạt. Thân mọcđứng, đơn độc hay 2-3 cành, đốt thường ngắn so với chiều dài của lá. Lá mọc đối, không cuống, lá phía dưới thân nhỏ, phía trên to rộng hơn, dài từ 3-8cm, rộng từ 0,4-3cm. Hoa hình chuông màu lam nhạt hay sẫm, mọc thành chùm không cuống ở đầu cành hoặc ở kẽ những lá phía trên.
Tài liệu tham khảo: "Những cây thuốc và vị thuốc Việt Nam" - Đỗ Tất Lợi
Trong dược điển Việt nam, một số loài có thể dùng thay thế cho nhau làm dược liệu bao gồm Gentiana scabra, Gentiana mans, Gentiana triflora, Gentiana rigescens
Phân loại thực vật của Gentiana scabra
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Order: Gentianales
Family: Gentianaceae
Genus: Gentiana
Species:Gentiana scabra
Phân bố trên thế giới: China, Korea, Republic of, Japan, Russian Federation
Phân bố tại Việt nam: Không có ghi nhận ở Việt Nam
Chưa có thông tin về loài này trên gibf
Phân loại thực vật của Gentiana triflora
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Order: Gentianales
Family: Gentianaceae
Genus: Gentiana
Species:Gentiana triflora
Phân bố trên thế giới: nan, Russian Federation, China, Japan, Korea, Republic of
Phân bố tại Việt nam: Không có ghi nhận ở Việt Nam
Phân loại thực vật của Gentiana rigescens
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Tracheophyta
Order: Gentianales
Family: Gentianaceae
Genus: Gentiana
Species:Gentiana rigescens
Phân bố trên thế giới: China
Phân bố tại Việt nam: Không có ghi nhận ở Việt Nam
Theo tài liệu của GS. Đỗ Tất Lợi: Trong long đờm có một glucozit đắng chừng 2% gọi là gentiopicrin C, H₂O, và một chất 20 đường gọi là gentianoza CH₁₂O16 chừng 4%.
Thủy phân gentiopicrin ta sẽ được gentiogenin CHO, và glucoza.
Gentianoza gồm hai phân tử glucoza và một phân tử fructoza.12:25/-strong/-heart:>-((:-hĐã gửi Xem trước khi gửiThả Files vào đây để xem lại trước khi gửi
Thành phần hóa học từ loài Gentiana rigescens**
Theo cơ sở dữ liệu lotus, loài Gentiana rigescens đã phân lập và xác định được 32 hoạt chất thuộc về các nhóm Pyranopyridines, Steroids and steroid derivatives, Benzene and substituted derivatives, Prenol lipids trong bảng dưới đây. Danh sách các hoạt chất như sau 2-(3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0247122), docosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0056760), stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β)- (LTS0204616), (20s)-20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0133321), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0016017), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0034338), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0235253), 18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0187888), (17s)-17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0264407), octadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0069588), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0230502), 20-methylhenicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0242657), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0005968), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0209360), 17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0261144), (2s,4s,5s,6s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0116540), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0214334), 4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0259356), 20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0151955), 16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0179858), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0054202), henicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0161172), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid (LTS0229404), 16-methylheptadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0112433), 14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0241174), (18s)-18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0097583), (16s)-16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0227558), tetracosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0102945), gentianidine (LTS0236316), (14s)-14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (LTS0267033), 6-hydroxy-1-methyl-1h,3h,4h-pyrano[3,4-c]pyridine-5-carbaldehyde (LTS0003118), gentianine (LTS0240161).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Benzene and substituted derivatives*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là tetracosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0102945)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0102945), octadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0069588)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0069588), 20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0151955)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0151955), henicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0161172)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0161172), 16-methylheptadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0112433)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0112433), 20-methylhenicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0242657)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0242657), (17s)-17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0264407)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0264407), (14s)-14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0267033)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0267033), (18s)-18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0097583)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0097583), (16s)-16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0227558)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0227558), 14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0241174)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0241174), 18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0187888)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0187888), 16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0179858)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0179858), docosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0056760)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0056760), (20s)-20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0133321)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0133321), 17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0261144)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0261144).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Benzene and substituted derivatives*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là tetracosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0102945)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0102945), octadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0069588)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0069588), 20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0151955)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0151955), henicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0161172)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0161172), 16-methylheptadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0112433)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0112433), 20-methylhenicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0242657)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0242657), (17s)-17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0264407)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0264407), (14s)-14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0267033)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0267033), (18s)-18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0097583)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0097583), (16s)-16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0227558)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0227558), 14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0241174)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0241174), 18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0187888)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0187888), 16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0179858)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0179858), docosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0056760)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0056760), (20s)-20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0133321)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0133321), 17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0261144)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0261144).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Prenol lipids*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0209360)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0209360), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0230502)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0230502), (2s,4s,5s,6s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0116540)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0116540), 2-(3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0247122)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0247122), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0214334)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0214334), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0054202)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0054202), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0235253)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0235253), 4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0259356)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0259356), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0034338)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0034338), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0005968)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0005968), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0016017)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0016017), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0229404)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0229404).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Benzene and substituted derivatives*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là tetracosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0102945)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0102945), octadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0069588)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0069588), 20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0151955)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0151955), henicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0161172)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0161172), 16-methylheptadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0112433)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0112433), 20-methylhenicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0242657)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0242657), (17s)-17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0264407)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0264407), (14s)-14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0267033)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0267033), (18s)-18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0097583)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0097583), (16s)-16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0227558)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0227558), 14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0241174)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0241174), 18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0187888)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0187888), 16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0179858)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0179858), docosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0056760)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0056760), (20s)-20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0133321)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0133321), 17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0261144)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0261144).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Prenol lipids*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0209360)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0209360), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0230502)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0230502), (2s,4s,5s,6s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0116540)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0116540), 2-(3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0247122)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0247122), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0214334)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0214334), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0054202)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0054202), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0235253)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0235253), 4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0259356)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0259356), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0034338)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0034338), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0005968)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0005968), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0016017)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0016017), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0229404)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0229404).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Pyranopyridines*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là gentianine [(LTS0240161)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0240161), gentianidine [(LTS0236316)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0236316), 6-hydroxy-1-methyl-1h,3h,4h-pyrano[3,4-c]pyridine-5-carbaldehyde [(LTS0003118)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0003118).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Benzene and substituted derivatives*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là tetracosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0102945)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0102945), octadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0069588)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0069588), 20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0151955)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0151955), henicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0161172)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0161172), 16-methylheptadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0112433)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0112433), 20-methylhenicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0242657)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0242657), (17s)-17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0264407)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0264407), (14s)-14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0267033)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0267033), (18s)-18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0097583)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0097583), (16s)-16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0227558)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0227558), 14-methylhexadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0241174)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0241174), 18-methylicosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0187888)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0187888), 16-methyloctadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0179858)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0179858), docosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0056760)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0056760), (20s)-20-methyldocosyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0133321)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0133321), 17-methylnonadecyl 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate [(LTS0261144)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0261144).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Prenol lipids*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0209360)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0209360), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0230502)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0230502), (2s,4s,5s,6s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0116540)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0116540), 2-(3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0247122)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0247122), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0214334)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0214334), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0054202)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0054202), 2-(7-{[4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-3a,3b,6,6,9a-pentamethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0235253)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0235253), 4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6-methyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0259356)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0259356), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-({[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0034338)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0034338), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0005968)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0005968), 4,5-dihydroxy-2-[7-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0016017)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0016017), (2s,4s,5s)-2-[(1s,3ar,3br,5ar,6s,7s,9ar,9br,11ar)-7-{[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-{[(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3a,3b,6,9a-tetramethyl-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]-4,5-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyloxane-2-carboxylic acid [(LTS0229404)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0229404).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Pyranopyridines*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là gentianine [(LTS0240161)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0240161), gentianidine [(LTS0236316)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0236316), 6-hydroxy-1-methyl-1h,3h,4h-pyrano[3,4-c]pyridine-5-carbaldehyde [(LTS0003118)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0003118).
Hình ảnh cấu trúc hóa học của hoạt chất thuộc nhóm *Steroids and steroid derivatives*. Tên thường gọi của các hoạt chất tương ứng là stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β)- [(LTS0204616)](https://lotus.naturalproducts.net/compound/lotus_id/LTS0204616).
Theo tài liệu "Những cây thuốc và vị thuốc Việt Nam" - Đỗ Tất Lợi:+ Kích thích sự bài tiết dịch tiêu hoá, làm khoẻ dạ dày
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Tính vị quy kinh: Khổ, hàn. Vào các kinh can. đởm, bàng quang
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