Pericarpium Garciniae Mangostanae

Tóm tắt

Vỏ măng cụt (Pericarpium Garciniae mangostanae) là vỏ quả chín được phơi hoặc sấy khô của quả cây Măng cụt (Garcinia mangostana L.), thuộc họ Măng cụt (Clusiaceae). Măng cụt có nguồn gốc từ Borneo, Malaysia, sau đó được di thực sang các nước khác, trong đó có Việt Nam. Hiện nay ở nước ta, cây được trồng nhiều ở vùng Nam Bộ. Theo y học cổ truyền, vỏ măng cụt có vị chát, tính ấm, vào kinh đại tràng. Dân gian sử dụng vỏ quả măng cụt để chữa đau bụng ỉa chảy, lỵ, khí hư bạch đới, chống viêm, hạ sốt. Vỏ măng cụt chứa nhiều thành phần hóa học như tanin, nhựa, chất mangostin…

I. Thông tin về dược liệu

Định danh

• Dược liệu tiếng Việt: Măng Cụt - Vỏ Quả
• Dược liệu tiếng Trung: nan (nan)
• Dược liệu tiếng Anh: nan
• Dược liệu latin thông dụng: Pericarpium Garciniae Mangostanae
• Dược liệu latin kiểu DĐVN: nan
• Dược liệu latin kiểu DĐVN: nan
• Dược liệu latin kiểu thông tư: nan
• Bộ phận dùng: Vỏ Quả (Pericarpium)

Mô tả dược liệu

Theo dược điển Việt nam V: nan

Mô tả dược liệu theo thông tư chế biến dược liệu theo phương pháp cổ truyền: nan

Chế biến

Chế biến theo dược điển việt nam V: nan

Chế biến theo thông tư: nan

II. Thông tin về thực vật

Dược liệu Măng Cụt - Vỏ Quả từ bộ phận Vỏ Quả từ loài Garcinia mangostana.

Mô tả thực vật: Măng cụt là một loại cây to, có thể cao tới 20m. Lá dày, dai, màu lục sẫm, hình thuôn dài 15-20cm, rộng 7-10cm.Đặc điểm của cây này là người ta mới chỉ thấy cây cái. Người ta cho rằng trong số những nhị lép (staminode) bao quanh bầu có thể có bao phấn chứa phấn hoa. Quả hình cầu, to bằng quả cam trung bình, vỏ ngoài màu đỏ sẫm, dãy cứng, phía dưới có lá đài, phía đỉnh có đầu nhụy. Trong quả có từ 6 đến 18 hạt, quanh hạt có áo hạt ăn được.

Tài liệu tham khảo: “Những cây thuốc và vị thuốc Việt Nam” - Đỗ Tất Lợi Trong dược điển Việt nam, loài Garcinia mangostana được sử dụng làm dược liệu.

Phân loại thực vật của Garcinia mangostana

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Tracheophyta

Order: Malpighiales

Family: Clusiaceae

Genus: Garcinia

Species: Garcinia mangostana

Phân bố trên thế giới: Thailand, United States of America, Philippines, Costa Rica, Honduras, Colombia, China, Réunion, Malaysia, Ecuador, India, Brazil, Singapore, Panama, Indonesia, Seychelles, Viet Nam

Phân bố tại Việt nam: Tiền Giang

III. Thành phần hóa học

Theo tài liệu của GS. Đỗ Tất Lợi: Trong vỏ quả có chứa từ 7-13% tanin, chất nhựa và chất mangostin (C20H22O5), có tinh thể hình phiến nhỏ, màu vàng tươi, không vị, tan trong rượu, ête và chất kiềm, không tan trong nước, độ chảy 175°C.

Theo cơ sở dữ liệu lotus, loài Garcinia mangostana đã phân lập và xác định được 211 hoạt chất thuộc về các nhóm Pyridines and derivatives, 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids, Flavonoids, Steroids and steroid derivatives, Pyrans, Carboxylic acids and derivatives, Organooxygen compounds, Benzene and substituted derivatives, Heteroaromatic compounds, Saturated hydrocarbons, Fatty Acyls, Pyrrolidines, Dioxanes, Lactones, Prenol lipids, Macrolides and analogues, Benzopyrans trong bảng dưới đây.

chemicalTaxonomyClassyfireClass	smiles_count
2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids	39
Benzene and substituted derivatives	279
Benzopyrans	6369
Carboxylic acids and derivatives	13
Dioxanes	81
Fatty Acyls	119
Flavonoids	1102
Heteroaromatic compounds	14
Lactones	388
Macrolides and analogues	272
Organooxygen compounds	483
Prenol lipids	726
Pyrans	37
Pyridines and derivatives	8
Pyrrolidines	19
Saturated hydrocarbons	25
Steroids and steroid derivatives	677

Danh sách chi tiết các hoạt chất như sau:

Nhóm 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids.

Nhóm Benzene and substituted derivatives.

Nhóm Benzopyrans.

Nhóm Carboxylic acids and derivatives.

Nhóm Dioxanes.

Nhóm Fatty Acyls.

Nhóm Flavonoids.

Nhóm Heteroaromatic compounds.

Nhóm Lactones.

Nhóm Macrolides and analogues.

Nhóm Organooxygen compounds.

Nhóm Prenol lipids.

Nhóm Pyrans.

Nhóm Pyridines and derivatives.

Nhóm Pyrrolidines.

Nhóm Saturated hydrocarbons.

Nhóm Steroids and steroid derivatives.

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IV. Tác dụng dược lý

Theo tài liệu quốc tế: nan

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V. Dược điển Việt Nam V

Soi bột

nan

Vi phẫu

nan

Định tính

nan

Định lượng

nan

Thông tin khác

• Độ ẩm: nan
• Bảo quản: nan

VI. Dược điển Hồng kong

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VII. Y dược học cổ truyền

nan

Tên vị thuốc: nan

Tính: nan

Vị: nan

Quy kinh: nan

Công năng chủ trị: nan

Phân loại theo thông tư: nan

Tác dụng theo y dược cổ truyền: nan

Chú ý: nan

Kiêng kỵ: nan

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids là egonol (LTS0157858).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Benzene and substituted derivatives là maclurin (LTS0130675), 2-(3,5-dihydroxybenzoyl)benzene-1,3,5-triol (LTS0002649), 5-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol (LTS0128581), toluene (LTS0047403), m-xylene (LTS0151729), benzaldehyde (LTS0094193), ortho-xylene (LTS0161849), (3r)-5,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2-benzopyran-1-one (LTS0230454), phenylacetaldehyde (LTS0245512), 5,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2-benzopyran-1-one (LTS0251250), para-xylene (LTS0005367), methylsalicylic acid (LTS0079350), 2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl)-3,5-dimethoxyphenol (LTS0030986).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Benzopyrans là mangostin (LTS0004668), 8-deoxygartanin (LTS0274495), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0078884), 1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0231909), tovophylline a (LTS0030746), garcinone e (LTS0075006), gartanin (LTS0169459), mangostinone (LTS0064756), 10,22-dihydroxy-7,7,18,18-tetramethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-8,13,17-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²¹]docosa-1(22),3,5,9,11,14,16(21),19-octaen-2-one (LTS0240097), gamma-mangostin (LTS0090390), 2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)-1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthen-9-one (LTS0239053), 1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0013412), 6,8,12-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,10-dioxatetraphen-5-one (LTS0017147), 1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0269570), 7,9,12-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0118866), gentisein (LTS0124197), 3-isomangostin (LTS0214254), 10,22-dihydroxy-7,7,18,18-tetramethyl-8,13,17-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²¹]docosa-1(22),3,9,11,14,16(21)-hexaen-2-one (LTS0017725), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-[(2s)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-7-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0049799), smeathxanthone a (LTS0158279), 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (LTS0147085), 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0110195), (2s)-4,9-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0219342), 3,6,8-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0267274), 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0274706), mellein (LTS0236743), 2-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)-1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthen-9-one (LTS0215724), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)-7-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0033786), (2r)-4-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7,8-dimethoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0229635), 4,9-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0231241), mellein (LTS0027076), garcinone d (LTS0006332), 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0066957), 2,3,5,7-tetrahydroxyxanthen-9-one (LTS0064122), 1-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-3,6,8-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0136689), 11α-mangostanin (LTS0069820), 5,8-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0028206), (1s,2s)-1,8,10-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1h,2h-furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (LTS0083781), 1-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)-3,6,7-trimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0127853), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0123333), 6,8,12-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,10-dioxatetraphen-5-one (LTS0173983), (3s)-3,6,8,11-tetrahydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,10-dioxatetraphen-5-one (LTS0203422), 1-hydroxy-8-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-3,6,7-trimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0211920), (6s,7s)-1,6,7-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxanthen-9-one (LTS0086145), 5-hydroxy-8,9-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0124869), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl)-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0141432), 2,4,5-trihydroxy-1-methoxyxanthen-9-one (LTS0101946), 5,12-dihydroxy-2,2,9,9-tetramethyl-14-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,6,8-trioxapentacen-13-one (LTS0117541), 3,4,8-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0170559), 1,6-dihydroxy-2-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-3,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0178485), (3s)-3,5,9-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,7-dioxatetraphen-12-one (LTS0179749), 10,22-dihydroxy-7,7,18,18-tetramethyl-8,13,17-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²¹]docosa-1(22),3,9,11,14,16(21),19-heptaen-2-one (LTS0116124), 22-hydroxy-10-methoxy-7,7,18,18-tetramethyl-8,13,17-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²¹]docosa-1(22),3,9,11,14,16(21),19-heptaen-2-one (LTS0116316), 1-hydroxy-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-en-1-yl)-3,6,7-trimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0151187), 4,8,10-trihydroxy-9-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h-furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (LTS0134990), 5,9-dihydroxy-7-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-8-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0193960), 3,6,8,11-tetrahydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,10-dioxatetraphen-5-one (LTS0201029), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-7-methoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0246824), 1,6-dihydroxy-2-[(2s)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-3,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0148678), 10,16-dihydroxy-6,6,19,19-tetramethyl-15-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-5,13,18-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁷,²²]docosa-1(22),3,7,9,11,14,16,20-octaen-2-one (LTS0151632), 1-isomangostin (LTS0121436), 5,10-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-12-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0161438), 3,5,9-trihydroxy-8-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0160807), trans-4-hydroxymellein (LTS0166041), 2,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0170763), 1-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl)-3,6,8-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0136054), 3,5,9-trihydroxy-10-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,7-dioxatetraphen-12-one (LTS0095757), 1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl)-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0241561), (2s)-4,8,10-trihydroxy-9-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-1h,2h-furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (LTS0096790), (1r,2r)-1,8,10-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1h,2h-furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (LTS0120943), 4-hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0117978), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,4-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0183316), 3,9-dihydroxy-5,10-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,7-dioxatetraphen-12-one (LTS0117102), 4,8-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0067475), (2s)-4,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0261717), 4,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0209628), (2s,3r)-3,4,8-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0052033), 1,6-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0215756), 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-2,4-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0222461), 1,6-dihydroxy-8-[(1e)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-en-1-yl]-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0208929), 1-[(2s)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-3,6,8-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0081448), 4,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0222283), 1,6-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)-3,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0188719), (2s)-4,8,10-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1h,2h-furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (LTS0164037), 4,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2-benzopyran-1-one (LTS0170094), (2s)-4,8-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0169307), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthen-9-one (LTS0207686), 1,6-dihydroxy-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-en-1-yl)-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0250097), 10,22-dihydroxy-7,7,18,18-tetramethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-8,13,17-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²¹]docosa-1(22),3,9,11,14,16(21),19-heptaen-2-one (LTS0243340), 4,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0250985), 1-hydroxy-2-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-3,6,7-trimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0063592), 22-hydroxy-7,7,18,18-tetramethyl-8,13,17-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²¹]docosa-1(22),3,5,9,11,14,16(21),19-octaen-2-one (LTS0125235), cratoxyxanthone (LTS0130968), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0005339), 1,3-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)-6,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0015155), 4-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7,8-dimethoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0129425), (3r)-3,6,8,11-tetrahydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,10-dioxatetraphen-5-one (LTS0007290), 1-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)-3,6,7-trimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0015615), 1,6-dihydroxy-8-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0001144), 10,15-dihydroxy-7,7,19,19-tetramethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2,8,20-trioxapentacyclo[12.8.0.0³,¹².0⁴,⁹.0¹⁶,²¹]docosa-1(22),3,5,9,11,14,16(21),17-octaen-13-one (LTS0262247), (3r)-3,9-dihydroxy-5,10-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,7-dioxatetraphen-12-one (LTS0016522), (3s)-3,5,9-trihydroxy-8-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,11-dioxatetracen-6-one (LTS0056527), 1,6-dihydroxy-8-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0034259), 6,8,12-trihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-7,11-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-1,10-dioxatetraphen-5-one (LTS0242758), (2s)-4,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0005088), 4-[(2s,3r)-4,8-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-5-oxo-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-3-yl]-1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0208522), (2s)-4,7-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0023328), 1,8,10-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1h,2h-furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (LTS0127995), 4-[4,8-dihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-5-oxo-2h,3h-furo[3,2-b]xanthen-3-yl]-1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0262429), 4,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-6-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)furo[3,2-b]xanthen-5-one (LTS0037501), 1-hydroxy-8-[(1e)-3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-en-1-yl]-3,6,7-trimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0039363), cis-4-hydroxymellein (LTS0036641), cudraxanthone g (LTS0045459), 1,3-dihydroxy-2-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl]-6,7-dimethoxy-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)xanthen-9-one (LTS0043408).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Carboxylic acids and derivatives là hexyl acetate (LTS0202355).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Dioxanes là (1r,3r,4r,9r,12r)-3,4,12-trimethyl-10,13-dioxatetracyclo[7.3.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁷]trideca-5,7-diene (LTS0051889), 3,4,12-trimethyl-10,13-dioxatetracyclo[7.3.1.0¹,⁹.0³,⁷]trideca-5,7-diene (LTS0093221).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Fatty Acyls là 3-ethyl-4-methyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]pyrrole-2,5-dione (LTS0039383), cis-3-hexenol (LTS0132156), 3-ethyl-4-methyl-1-[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]pyrrole-2,5-dione (LTS0252312), hexanol (LTS0217299).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Flavonoids là catechol (LTS0090912), ent-epicatechin (LTS0265245), astilbin (LTS0079309), (2r,3s)-2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-{[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-2,3-dihydro-1-benzopyran-4-one (LTS0210381), (2r,3r,4s)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2r,3r)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-6-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol (LTS0103163), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-6-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol (LTS0072400), (2r,3r,4r)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2r,3r)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol (LTS0135510), (2r,3r)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2r,3r)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol (LTS0097406), procyanidin a1 (LTS0167676), procyanidin a1 (LTS0171311), proanthocyanidin a2 (LTS0117726), 2-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy]-2,3-dihydro-1-benzopyran-4-one (LTS0067301), astilbin (LTS0079365), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-8-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol (LTS0040252).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Heteroaromatic compounds là furfuryl methyl ketone (LTS0085535).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Lactones là 4-acetyl-3-methyloxolan-2-one (LTS0079634), (3s,4r,5r)-4-({[(2s,3s,4s)-4-acetyl-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one (LTS0077101), (3s,4r,5r)-4-({[(2s,3s,4r,5r)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one (LTS0088000), 4-hydroxy-6-propyloxan-2-one (LTS0119647), 4-({[4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one (LTS0212914), (3s,4r,5r)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one (LTS0070024), 4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one (LTS0236015), (3s,4r,5r)-4-({[(2r,3s,4r,5r)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one (LTS0045140), (3s,4s)-4-acetyl-3-methyloxolan-2-one (LTS0254946), (4s,6r)-4-hydroxy-6-propyloxan-2-one (LTS0008995), 4-{[(4-acetyl-3-methyloxolan-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-3,5-dimethyloxolan-2-one (LTS0099244).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Macrolides and analogues là lasiodiplodin (LTS0064600), 5,12-dihydroxy-14-methoxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2-benzoxacyclododecin-1-one (LTS0138773), (3s,7r)-7,12-dihydroxy-14-methoxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2-benzoxacyclododecin-1-one (LTS0057052), 12-hydroxy-14-methoxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2-benzoxacyclododecin-1-one (LTS0178955), (3s,5r)-5,12-dihydroxy-14-methoxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2-benzoxacyclododecin-1-one (LTS0068967), 7,12-dihydroxy-14-methoxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2-benzoxacyclododecin-1-one (LTS0031900), (3s,5s)-5,12-dihydroxy-14-methoxy-3-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2-benzoxacyclododecin-1-one (LTS0224745).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Organooxygen compounds là [4-oxo-2-(pent-2-en-1-yl)cyclopentyl]acetic acid (LTS0181983), glucotropeolin (LTS0036398), bran oil (LTS0143969), nonanal (LTS0244398), (2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-(2-benzoyl-3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0270105), (1r,8as)-7-hydroxy-1,8a-dimethyl-1h-naphthalene-2,6-dione (LTS0023692), 2-(2-benzoyl-3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0062524), [(1s,2s)-4-oxo-2-[(2z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopentyl]acetic acid (LTS0064680), glucotropaeolin (LTS0189449), 5-methylfurfural (LTS0186625), 7-hydroxy-1,8a-dimethyl-1h-naphthalene-2,6-dione (LTS0061513), (2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-2-(2-benzoyl-3,5-dihydroxyphenoxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol (LTS0054113).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Prenol lipids là (-)-friedelin (LTS0041645), betulin (LTS0101863), terpineol (LTS0136148), (z)-α-bisabolene (LTS0053911), (e)-α-bisabolene (LTS0046940), 4-isopropyl-1,6-dimethyl-2,3,4,4a,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene (LTS0270743), (+)-gamma-cadinene (LTS0103949), α-copaene (LTS0207598), n-[(1s,2r)-3-{[(1s,2s,3r,4s,7r,9s,10s,12r,15s)-4,12-bis(acetyloxy)-2-(benzoyloxy)-1,9-dihydroxy-10,14,17,17-tetramethyl-11-oxo-6-oxatetracyclo[11.3.1.0³,¹⁰.0⁴,⁷]heptadec-13-en-15-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-phenylpropyl]benzenecarboximidic acid (LTS0163460), (1r,2s,7s,8s)-8-isopropyl-1,3-dimethyltricyclo[4.4.0.0²,⁷]dec-3-ene (LTS0190031), delta-cadinene (LTS0019321), guaiene (LTS0274548), valencene (LTS0031707), valencene (LTS0110395), 4-isopropyl-6-methyl-1-methylidene-3,4,4a,7,8,8a-hexahydro-2h-naphthalene (LTS0111070).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Pyrans là 6-propyl-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one (LTS0051247), (6r)-6-propyl-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one (LTS0037125).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Pyridines and derivatives là pyridine (LTS0108275).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Pyrrolidines là 3-ethyl-5-hydroxy-4-methylpyrrol-2-one (LTS0094985).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Saturated hydrocarbons là octane (LTS0186469), heptane (LTS0062507), ethylcyclohexane (LTS0033805).

Cấu trúc hóa học của các hoạt chất thuộc nhóm Steroids and steroid derivatives là stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3β)- (LTS0204616), stigmast-5-en-3-ol (LTS0071224), (3r,6s,8r,11s,12s,15r,16r)-7,7,12,16-tetramethyl-15-[(2r)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]pentacyclo[9.7.0.0¹,³.0³,⁸.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-6-ol (LTS0062833), cycloartenol (LTS0269561), 15-[(5e)-7-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.0¹,³.0³,⁸.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-6-ol (LTS0080043), (2z)-6-[(3r,6s,15r,16r)-6-hydroxy-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.0¹,³.0³,⁸.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-15-yl]-2-methylhept-2-enoic acid (LTS0144235), (2e,6r)-6-[(1s,3r,6s,12s,15r,16r)-6-hydroxy-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.0¹,³.0³,⁸.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-15-yl]-2-methylhept-2-enoic acid (LTS0086923), 6-{7-hydroxy-7,12,16-trimethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.0¹,³.0³,⁸.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-15-yl}hept-3-en-2-one (LTS0248667), (3e,6s)-6-[(1s,3r,7s,8r,11s,12s,15r,16r)-7-hydroxy-7,12,16-trimethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.0¹,³.0³,⁸.0¹²,¹⁶]octadecan-15-yl]hept-3-en-2-one (LTS0019233).